LATIN WITH LAUGHTER

TERENCE THROUGH TIME
 

Penguin Classics, ISBN 0-14-044324-X

e begin Latin in tears, at least I did, with imperial and boring Caesar. The Middle Ages and the Renaissance began Latin with the laughter and the humanity of the freed slave, Terence, Publius Terentius Afer. This website discusses African Terence's importance through time, arguing for his restoration to education's canon. For years I was barred from teaching at the graduate level, at Princeton, at Boulder. During that time, amongst other conferences, I organized one on Terence through Time, working with scholars and the Eden Theatrical Workshop, directed by Lucy Walker in Denver. Finally, because I was willing to take early retirement, as a golden handshake, I was permitted one graduate seminar. I chose to teach it on 'Latin with Laughter: Terence through Time'. This is explained in the essays, 'Global Tapestry ' and 'Slaves and Princes: Terence through Time '. Then for ten more years I was barred from publishing this material. This website includes the essays of that long-ago graduate seminar. It also includes the Latin texts of two of Terence's plays, to be given with medieval and Renaissance miniatures and the exquisite woodblocks from those Renaissance miniatures for teaching the plays to schoolchildren, like Montaigne, like Shakespeare. So our story can end as do the manuscripts of Terence:

FELICITER.

IMAGES ON THE WEB

Click on http://image.ox.ac.uk, then click on view all manuscripts, then open MS Auct F.2.13, Terence's Comedies, in Latin, with Romanesque drawings comprising the latest version of the Late Antique cycle of scene-illustrations, St. Albans Abbey, mid 12th century. The first of the four artists (fols. 2v-17v) is, the Bodleian Library says, identifiable as 'The Master of the Apocrypha Drawings' in the Winchester Bible. The illustrations for Andria V.1-2 at fol. 28r-v are missing in the Carolingian witnesses.

and on http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/ , then 'recherches experts', then type in Terence for 'Auteur' and 'Comoediae' for title, to see magnificent early twelfth-century illuminations in a Tours manuscript.

Terence, Comoediae, Lyon, 1493

Terence's Comedies influenced Hrotswitha's Comedies, influenced the Fleury Liturgical Dramas, influenced Dante 's Commedia, influenced Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, influenced the delightful comic elements in the Wakefield Master's Cycle Plays. It was Terence who gave to Latin a human face, the voice of the slave, the voice of the woman, Christ preaching to publicans and prostitutes, Christianity being the 'religion of women and slaves', and it was Terence's Comedies which were used in medieval monasteries and in Renaissance grammar schools for teaching Latin to men and women both. It was Terence's presence in manuscripts in Benedictine libraries that could allow the voice of Scholastica to be heard in Gregory's text. And it could have been Terence's presence in manuscripts in Benedictine libraries that could allow the voice of Julian of Norwich to be heard in the writing of her own manuscripts, to be treasured in both Brigittine and Benedictine libraries, but not elsewhere.

I. Plays Scholar

Terence (Publius Terentius Afer, 186-159 B.C.) Heautontimorumenos Latin Illustrated with miniatures and wood block engravings

Terence (Publius Terentius Afer, 186-159 B.C.) Eunuchus Latin

[http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/ter.htmlagives all of Terence's Comedies]

Hrotswitha of Gandesheim, 935-973 A.D., Abraham and Mary Latin

Hrotswitha of Gandesheim, 935-973 A.D. Pafnutius and Thais Latin

[Hrotswitha tells us in her Preface that she Christianizes Terence. She sets two of her plays in his Africa.]

Liturgical Drama, Manuscript Orléans 201 Resuscitatio Lazari  XIIIth Century Latin

Liturgical Drama, Manuscript Orléans 201 Officium Peregrinorum  XIIIth Century Latin

Corpus Christi Drama, Wakefield Master, Second Shepherd's Play, XVth Century Middle English. Link to Biblioteca Augustana

Tim Taylor, Fathers, Sons, Duty and Deceit, Terence and Shakespeare, Part I, Terence

Slaves and Princes: Terence through Time

Alecia Carole Dantico, Desert Flower: Thais through Time

Patricia McIntyre, Comedy of Prayer: The Redemption of Terence through Christian Appropriation

Tsai Shu-Hui, Terence and Wang Shih-Fu: Dramatists of Humanity

Richard J. Schoeck, Terence and Other Roman Africans

Tim Taylor, Fathers, Sons, Duty and Deceit, Terence and Shakespeare, Part II, Shakespeare

Terence through Time: 1985 Conference and Radio Broadcast

Lucy Walker, Eden Theatrical Workshop, Producer of Terence Plays

Julia Bolton Holloway, Terence's Comedies and Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, the Ellesmere Manuscript and the Luttrell Psalter

Julia Bolton Holloway, The Chichester Bethany Sculptures and the Plays of Terence

Julia Bolton Holloway, World Literature: Global Tapestry

Julia Bolton Holloway, Euripedes' Trojan Women: War, Peace, Texts, Contexts

Julia Bolton Holloway, God's Plenty: Terence in Dante, Boccaccio, Chaucer and Shakespeare, in Sweet New Style: Essays on Brunetto Latino, Dante Alighieri and Geoffrey Chaucer Newest

Click on http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/ , then 'recherches experts', then type in Terence for 'Auteur' and 'Comoediae' for title, to see magnificent early twelfth-century illuminations in a Tours manuscript

http://www.caareviews.org/reviews/dodwell.html used to publish a full review of:
C. R. Dodwell, Anglo-Saxon Gestures and the Roman Stage Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon England 28 Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 2000. 189 pp. 99 b/w ills. $69.95 (cloth) (0521661889)

 The publication of Anglo-Saxon Gestures and the Roman Stage posthumously honors C. R. Dodwell’s lifelong work on early medieval art. Timothy Graham, formerly Dodwell’s research assistant, considerately saw the book through to press. In this volume, Dodwell considers the origins of the illustrations in Carolingian Terence manuscripts and their possible relationship to illuminations produced at Canterbury or under Canterbury’s influence in the eleventh century. Although its deductions are problematic, this study is nonetheless valuable for its systematic analysis of gestures in the manuscripts’ imagery; it will interest not only art historians but also intellectual historians and classicists.

http://www.usask.ca/antharch/cnea/abstracts/dutschtemelini.html

http://www.openlettersmonthly.com/year-romans-terence/

On Hrotswitha and Terence http://www.sdu.dk/Hum/midlab/theatre/papers/marla_carlson.html

MANUSCRIPTS AND EDITIONS OF TERENCE'S COMEDIES:

MANUSCRIPTS:
Italy
Vatican
Vatican 3226. 5th C. Rustic capitals. "Bembino." Used by Angelo Poliziano./1
Vatican 3868.

Florence
Biblioteca Laurenziana
[In the original Laurentian library, Terence's works were shelved under "Poetae Latini," following those of Statius, as "P. Terentii Afri Comedia VI."]
Laur. 38.15. Humanist, parchment, dated 1448.
Laur. 38.16. Humanist manuscript.
Laur. 38.17. 14th C. Boccaccio's holograph manuscript
[Laur. 54.32. Apuleius. 14th C. Boccaccio's holograph manuscript]
Laur. 38.18. 15th C. Petrarch.
Laur. 38.19.
Laur. 38.20.
Laur. 39.21.
Laur. 38.22.
Laur. 38.23. Like 38.15, a Francesco Sassetti MS.
Laur. 38.24. Owned by Lorenzo de Medici.
Laur. 38.25. Paper MS, with Humanist collection of orations.
Laur. 38.26.
Laur. 38.27. 12th C.
Laur. 38.28. 15th C.
Laur. 38.29. Paper. Like 38.27.
Laur. 38.30.
Laur. 38.31. Paper, Humanist MS.
Laur. 38.32.
Laur. 38.33.
Laur. 38.34. Colophon date, 1397.
Laur. 91. Sup. 13 recto. Paper, Humanist.

Biblioteca Riccardiana
Riccardian 528. Siglum E.
Riccardian 529. 14th C.
Riccardian 530. Colophon, 1458, Humanist.
Riccardian 531. Paper.
Riccardian 532. Paper.
Riccardian 613. Gnato's lines underlined in red.
Riccardian 614. Humanist
Riccardian 616. Owned by barber, Francesco di Giovanni Sutoris, 1463./2
Riccardian 3607. Humanist, paper MS. Dictionary, not play texts.
Riccardian 3608. Paper MS.

Biblioteca Nazionale
Banco Rari 97. Manuscript of Angelo Poliziano, using Bembino codex./3
Magliabechiano II.IV.5. Paper, Humanist.
Magl. II.IV.6. 14th C. From Santa Maria Nuova. School book, different hands, speeches on Florentine, Roman, Athenian liberty.
Magl. II.IV.333. Dated 1393. A Buondelmonte book, fols. 60-61, how one can live in time of pestilence. Magl. II.IV.689. Beautiful, parchment MS.
Magl. II.VIII.52. Paper, Humanist MS.
Magl. II.IX.127. Paper, from Prato, schoolboy MS.

France
Paris
Bibliothèque Nationale lat. 2322. 11th C. Fol. 77, last two leaves, lost, destroyed, illustrated, glossed Terence. Micio/Demea./4
BN, lat. 7899. Siglum P. 9th C. Illustrated Terence, reproduced in Madame Dacier's editions of Terence. BN, lat. 7900. Siglum Y. 10th C. Fleury MS. Drawings in brown ink, interlinear gloss.
BN, lat. 7900A. 11th C. Some pages photographs of pages now at University of Hamburg, torn out before 17th C. Terence not illustrated, though Martianus Capella is.
BN, lat. 7901. 11th C. Unfinished manuscript, not illustrated.
BN, lat. 7902. 11th C. Glossed, rustic capitals.
BN, lat. 7903. 11th C. Begins with drawings related to lat. 7899.
BN, lat. 7904. 12th C.
BN, lat. 7905. 13th C.
BN, lat. 7906. 13th C.
BN, lat. 7907. 14th C. Fol 30, illustration from Eunuchus.
BN, lat. 8193. 15th C. Duc de Berry MS, according to Henry Martin. Illuminated, copying Terence des Ducs MS.
BN, lat. 9345. Siglum Pb. 11th C.
BN, lat. 10304. Siglum p. 11th C.
BN, lat. 16235. 11th C. Mentions another ancient Terence manuscript at St. Remi de Rheims as burned in the 17th C. Glossed, author portrait, fol. 41.

Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal, MS 664. Terence des Ducs, Duc de Guyenne. 15th C. Magnificently illuminated. /5
BA, MS 1135. 15th C. Illuminated, glossed.

England
London
British Library
Arundel MS 247. 15th C. German?
Burney 261. 14th C. Parchment.
Burney 262. 15th C.
Burney 263. Humanist, parchment MS.
Egerton 167. Terence in Irish. Owned Luca Smith. Paper MS.
Harleian 2455. 15th C. Paper.
Harleian 2456. 14th C. Paper and parchment.
Harleian 2475. Paper MS, dated 1297. Catalogue dates 15th C.
Harleian 2524. Humanist, 15th C. Catalogue dates 13th C.
Harleian 2525. 14th C.
Harleian 2527. Parchment, Humanist MS, Colophon, 1471, Owned Ricasoli.
Harleian 2562. 14th C. Paper.
Harleian 2656. 12th C.
Harleian 2670. 10th C. "in usum Colegii Buslidiani."
Harleian 2689. 14th C. Parchment.
Harleian 2750. 10th C. Silver capitals.
Harleian 5000. Before 15th C.
Harleian 5224. 15th C. Paper.
Harleian 5443. 11th C, before 13th C.
Royal A.VIII. 12th, 13th C.
Royal 15.A.XII. 12th C., English hand.
Royal 15.B.VIII. Figure of Christ at bottom of page.
Add. 31,827. 13th C. Monastic MS.

Winchester Benedictional

Oxford
Bodleian Library
Add. A. 167. 1434 Pirkheimer.
Auct. F.2.13. 12th C. At St. Albans, 13th C. Published in Major Treasures in the Bodleian Library: Medieval Manuscripts in Microform, 9, ed. W.O. Halsall, Oxford, 1978.
Auct. F.6.27. 11th C. Codex Ebnerianus. At Nuremberg.
Bodl. 678. Dover Priory. France. 13th C. Schoolbook.
Bodl. A. 167. Paper MS.
Bodl. A. 367. Bought in Berlin.
Brasenose 18. Fine Humanist MS. "ex Petri Bembi, doctissimi olim Cardinalis MS: quos Henricus Wottonius apud eiusdem Haeredes Venetiis coemerat." 1491.
E.D. Clarke 28. Written by Florentine notary, 1366/1466?
D'Orville 19. A Humanist Cardinal's Terence. 1513. Italy
D'Orville 20. 1461. Siena.
D'Orville 155. 15th C. Italy.
Douce 347. Fr. Douce, "They pretend to have a MS of Terence, in the Vatican Library written by his own hand . . . In the library of the Acad, of Altdorf there is a MS of Terence with a long speech by Pamphilus in the 5th Act of Andria, not printed in any of the editions." 1439. Italy.
Laud Lat. 76. 12th C? Belonged to Laud, 1635. Magdalen 23. Annotated by Francesco Petrarch.
Rawl. 112. Fine small Humanist Terence.
Rawl. G. 135. Circa 1400. Venice.
Rawl. G. 136. Paper Terence.

America
Dartmouth College, MS Codex 001999 McGrath 29, Comoediae sex cum argumentis. Text written in Ferrara in 1462 in humanist hand. The title leaf contains a white vine border with a coat-of-arms supported by putti. The text includes stage directions in red as well as contemporary marginal notations. The colophon date of 1362 is most certainly an error for 1462.

EARLY PRINTED EDITIONS:

Strasbourg? 1470
Milan, 1476 Treviso, 1477
Treviso, 1481
Brescia: Jacobum Brittanicum, 1485
Lyon: Jean Treschel, 1493 London: Pynson, 1495-1497
Strasbourg: Jean Grueninger, 1496, 1499,1503
Venice: Lazaro Soardi, 1497
Paris, London: Antoine Verard, 1504 "Ad studiosam Britannie maioris, que nunc anglia dicitur."
Venice: Lazaro Soardi, 1511
Venice: Aldine, 1517. Excellent.
Lyon, 1520
Cologne, 1527
Paris: Guillaume de Bossozel, 1539 /6
Nicholas Udall, FLOURES FOR LATINE/ . . . , 1544
Comediae Terentii cum notis MSS Tanaquilli Fabri. Paris, 1642.
Charles Hoole. Publii Terentii Carthaginiensis Afri Poetae lepidissimi comoediae sex Anglo-Latinae. In usum Ludi-discipulorum, quo felicius venustatem linguae Latinae ad sermonem quotidianum exercendum assequantur. London, 1663. Refers to Cardinal Bembo, Sir Henry Wotton, 1491, manuscript, which became Brasenose 18.
Madame Dacier. Les Comedies de Terence traduits en Francois, Avec des Remarques, par Madame D***. III Tomes. Paris, 1688.
P. Terentii Afri. Comoediae recensuit Notasque suas et Gabrielis Faerni addidit Richardus Bentleius. Amsterdam, 1727.

EARLY ILLUSTRATED EDITIONS:

Lyon: Jean Treschel, 1493
Paris: Antoine Verard, 1500, 1503
London and Paris: Antoine Verard, 1504
Paris: Guillaume de Bossozel, 1539 /6

NOTES

1 Sesto Prete, Il Codice di Terenzio Vaticano Latino 3226: Saggio critico e riproduzione del manoscritto (Città del Vaticano: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 1970); discussed, Henry Martin, p. 17.
2Umberto Bucchioni, Terenzio nel Rinascimento, p. 50.
3Prete, Il Codice di Terenzio, p. 11.
4Henry Martin, p. 18.
5Henry Martin, Terence des Ducs de Charles VI (Paris: Plon, 1908).
6From Jean Trechsel by marriage of daughter, Henry Martin, p. 20.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

[See British Library Catalogue, columns 295-317, for Latin editions of Terence; Goldberg, Grant, for further scholarly bibliographies.] 

Alighieri, Pietro. Commentarium super ipsius genitoris Dantis Comoediam. Ed. Lord Vernon, Vincentio Nannucci. Florence: Piatti, 1845.
__________. Commentum di Pietro Alighieri nelle redazioni ashburnhamiana e ottoboniana.  Ed. Roberto Della Vedova e Maria Teresa Silvotti. Florence: Olschki, 1978.
__________. Commentum super poema Comedie Dantis: A Critical Edition of the Third and Final Draft. Ed. Massimiliano Chiamenti. Tempe: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2002.
Andrieu, Jean. Etude critique sur les sigles de personnages et les rubriques de scéne dans les anciennes éditions de Térence. Paris: Societé des Etudes Latines, 1940.
Augustine. City of God. Loeb, 1957. Confessions. Loeb, 1977.
Bakhtin, Mikhail. The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays. Ed. Michael Holquist, trans, Caryl Emerson Holquist. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1981.
_________. Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics. Trans. R.W. Rotsel. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Ardis, 1973.
_________. Rabelais and his World. Trans. Hélène Iswolsky. Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press, 1968.
Barber, C.L. Shakespeare's Festive Comedy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1959.
Bec, Christian. Les marchands écrivains: affaires et humanisme à Florence, 1375-1434. Paris: Mouton, 1967.
Bembo, Pietro. Petri Bembi ad Herculem Stotium de Virgilii Culice et Terentii Fabulis liber. Venice, 1530.
Bethe, Ericus. Terentius Ambrosianus. H.75.inf. MS Facs 16. Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff, 1903.
Bianco, Orazio. Terenzio: problemi e aspetti dell'originalità. Rome: Edizioni dell’Ateneo, 1962.
Bijns, Anna. "Mary of Nijmeghen." In Medieval Women's Visionary Literature. Ed. Elizabeth Alvilda Petroff. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.
Billanovich, Giuseppe. "Terenzio, Ildemaro, Petrarca," IMU, 17 (l974), 1-60.
Boethius. Consolation of Philosophy . Loeb, 1978.
Branca, Vittorio. Boccaccia Medievale. Florence: Sansoni, 1956.
Bucchioni, Umberto. Terenzio nel Rinascimento (Saggio). Rocca S. Casciano: Cappelli, 1911.
Buchner, Karl. Das Teater des Terenz. Heidelberg; Carl Winter, 1974.
Chambers, E.K. The Mediaeval Stage. London: Oxford University Press, 1903. 2 vols.
Collins, Fletcher, Jr. Medieval Church Music Dramas: A Repertory of Complete Plays. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1975.
___________. The Production of Medieval Church Music-Drama. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1972.
Collins, W. Lucas. Plautus and Terence. Edinburgh: Blackwood, 1873.
Corti, Maria. "Models and Antimodels in Medieval Culture." New Literary History, 10 (1979), 339-366.
Craig, J.D. Ancient Editions of Terence. St. Andrews University, 1929.
Dacier, Anne. Les comédies de Térence. Paris, 1688; Rotterdam, 1717.
Dante Alighieri. La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata. Milan: Mondadori, 1966.
Delcourt, Marie. La Tradition des comiques avant Molière. Liège: Droz, 1934.
The Desert Fathers. Ed. Helen Waddell. Ann Arbor; University of Michigan Press, 1957.
The Digby Plays, ed. Donald Baker and John L. Murphy. Oxford: Early English Text Society, 1982. EETS, 283.  
Dronke, Peter. Women Writers of the Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.
Druon, Henri. Histoire de l'education des Princes dans la maison des Bourbons de France. Paris: Lethielleux, 1897. 2 vols.
Eagleton, Terry. Marxism and Literary Criticism. Berkeley; University of California Press, 1976.
Empson, William. “Double Plots.” “Milton and Richard Bentley.” Some Versions of Pastoral. New York; New Directions, 1960.
Engelbrecht, August. Studia terentiana. Vienna: Gerold, 1883.
Ephraem Syri. Hymni et Sermones. Ed. Thomas Josephus Lamy. Mechlin: Dessain, 1882.
Fabia, Philippe. Les Prologues de Térence. Paris, 1880.
Farnham, Fern. Madame Dacier: Scholar and Humanist. Monterey: Angel Press, 1980.
Fiedler, Leslie. The Stranger in Shakespeare. New York: Stein and Day, 1972.
Gambarelli, Augustini. In Terentium observationes. Bergamo, 1597.
_________. Oppositorum quae Augustinus Gambarellus Mediolanensis/E. Plauto, Terentio, Caesare, et Cicerone collegit Liber Humaniorum litterarum studiosis praecipue utilis. Milan, 1606.
Geertz, Clifford. "Deep Play: Notes on the Balinese Cockfight." In Myth, Symbol and Culture. Ed. Clifford Geertz. New York: Norton, 1971.
Gibson, Gail McMurray. The Theater of Devotion. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.
Giraldi, Lucio Olimpio. Ragionamento in difesa di Terentio contra le accuse dategli dal suo calonniatore. Monte Regale, 1566.
Goldberg, Sander M. Understanding Terence. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.
Grant, John N. Studies in the Textual Tradition of Terence. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1986.
Hamel, Christopher de. A History of Illuminated Manuscripts. Oxford: Phaidon, 1986.
Hildegard of Bingen. Ordo Virtutum . Ed. Audrey Davidson. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, 1992.
Hind, Arthur M. An Introduction to the History of Woodcut. New York: Dover, 1963.
Hoeing, Charles. The Codex Dunelmensis of Terence. New York: Macmillan, 1900.
Holloway, Julia Bolton. "Bottom's Metamorphoses: Apuleius in Shakespeare." Tales within Tales: Apuleius through Time . Ed. Constance S. Wright, Julia Bolton Holloway. New York: AMS Press, 1992.
__________. "Crosses and Boxes: Latin and Vernacular." In Equally in God's Image: Women in the Middle Ages. New York: Peter Lang, 1990. Pp. 58-87.
__________. "The 'Dream of the Rood' and Liturgical Drama." Comparative Drama, 18 (1984), 19-37. Republished in Drama of the Middle Ages (New York, 1991).
__________. "Filius Getronis." RORD, 22 (1979), 139.
__________. "Fleury Easter Liturgical Plays." Research Opportunities in Renaissance Drama, 21 (1978), 95-96.
__________. "Medieval Liturgical Drama, the Commedia, Piers Plowman, and the Canterbury Tales." American Benedictine Review, 32 (1981), 114-121.
__________. 'The Monastic Context of Hildegard's Ordo Virtutum.' The 'Ordo Virtutum' of Hildegard of Bingen . Ed. Audrey Davidson. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, 1992. Pp. 63-77.
__________. The Pilgrim and the Book: A Study of Dante, Langland and Chaucer. Berne: Peter Lang, 1987.
__________. "Resuscitatio Lazari." RORD, 23 (1980), 87.
__________. “Slaves and Princes: Terence through Time.” The Influence of the Classical World on Medieval Literature, Architecture, Music, and Culture.; A Collection of Interdisciplinary Studies. Ed. Fidel Fajardo-Acosta. Lewiston: Edwin Mellen Press, 1992. Pp. 34-53.
__________. "Strawberries and Mulberries: Ulysses and Othello." Hypatia. Ed. William M. Calder, Ulrich K. Goldsmith, and Phyllis B. Kenevan. Boulder, 1985. Pp. 123-136.

__________. "Verbal Icons: Paradigms of Death and Birth." Studies in Iconography, 11 (1987), 95-110.

[Hrotswitha] Roswitha. Plays. Trans. Christopher St John. London: Chatto and Windus, 1923.

Rosvita. Dialoghi drammatici. Garzanti: Milan, 2000.

Hrotsvit of Gandesheim. A Florilegium of her Works. Ed. Katharina Wilson. Cambridge: Brewer, 1998. The Library of Medieval Women.

__________. "Abraham." In Medieval Women's Visionary Literature. Ed. Elizabeth Alvilda Petroff. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. Pp. 124-135.

Jachmann, Günther. Die Geschichte des Terenstextes im Altertum. Basel, 1924.

Iacopo da Varazze. Legenda Aurea. Ed. Giovanni Paolo Maggioni. Firenze: SISMEL Edizioni del Galluzzo, 1999. 2 vols, CD. SISMEL, Firenze, 2001

Jacobus de Voragine. The Golden Legend. Trans. Granger Ryan and Helmut Ripperger. New York: Arno Press, 1969. JBH

Johnson, Mary. Exits and Entrances in Roman Comedy. Geneva: Humphrey, 1933.
Jones, Leslie Webber and C.R. Morey. The Miniatures of the Manuscripts of Terence Prior to the Thirteenth Century. Princeton: Princeton Univesity Press, 1913.
Knapp. Peggy. Chaucer and the Social Contest. New York: Routledge, 1990.
Konstan, David. Roman Comedy. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1983.
Lawton, Harold W. Contribution à l'histoire de l'humanisme en France: Térence en France au XVIe siècle. Paris: Jouve, 1926.
Maio, Angelo. M. Acci Plauti Fragmenta inedita item ad P. Terentium commentationes et picturae ineditae. Milan: Regiis Typis, 1815.
Malcovati, Enrica. Madame Dacier. Florence: Sansoni, 1952.
Mann, Jill. Chaucer's Medieval Estates Satire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.
Marshall, Mary Hatch. “Boethius’ Definition of Peesona and Medieval Understanding of the Roman Theater.” Speculum 26 (1950).
Martin, Henry. Le Térence des Ducs (de Guyenne et de Berry). Paris: Plon, 1907.
Meiss, Millard. French Painting in the time of Jean de Berry: The Limbourgs and their Contemporaries. New York: Braziller, 1974.
Montaigne. Essais. Paris: Société les Belles Lettres, 1946.
Mountford, J.F. The Scholia Bembina in Terentium. Liverpool: University Press of Liverpool, 1934.
Nencini, Flaminius. De Terentio eiusque Fontibus. Liburni: Giusti, 1891.
Norwood, Gilbert. The Art of Terence. Oxford: Blackwell, 1923.
________. Plautus and Terence. New York: Longmans, Green, 1932.
Paecht, Otto. The Rise of Pictorial Narrative in Twelfth-Century England. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962.
Panofsky, Dora. "The Textual Basis of the Utrecht Psalter Illustrations," AB 25 (1943), 50-58.
Pernard, L. Le Droit romain et le droit grec dans le théatre de Plaute et de Terence. Lyon: Université de Lyon, 1900.
Perelli, Luciano. Il teatro rivoluzionario di Terenzio. Florence: La nuova Italia, 1973.
Prete, Seste. Il Codice di Terenzio Vaticano latino 3226: saggio critico e riproduzione del manoscritto. Vatican City: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 1970.
Rathery, E.J.B. Notice historique sur l'ancien cabinet du Roi et sur la Bibliothèque impériale du Louvre. Paris: Bulletin du bibliophile, 1858.
Robbins, Edwin W. Dramatic Characterization in Printed Commentaries on Terence, 1473-1600. Urbana: Illinois Studies in Language and Literature, 35:4 (1951).
Robinson, J.W. Studies in Fifteenth-Century Stagecraft. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute, 1991.
Scholia Bembina. Ed. J.F. Mountford. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1934.
Schonaeus, C. Terentius Christianus, seu comoediae sacrae. Colonia, 1609-1612.
Southern, Richard. The Medieval Theatre in the Round. London: Faber and Faber, 1957.
Swoboda, Michaél. Studia scaenica Plautina et Terentiana. Poznan: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza, 1966.
Taladoire, Barthelemy A. Térence: Un théatre de la jeunesse. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1972.
Thompson, Rodney M. Manuscripts for St. Albans Abbey, 1066-1235. University of Tasmania: Brewer, 1982.
The Towneley Cycle: A Facsimile of Huntington MS HM 1. Ed. A.C. Cawley and Martin Stevens. San Marino: Untington Library, 1976.
The Towneley Plays. Ed. George F. England. Oxford: Early English Text Society, 1897. EETS, 71.
Turner, Victor. The Ritual Process: Structure and Antistructure. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1968.
Udall, Nicholas. Floures for latine speakyng selected and gathered oute of Terence. London: Inaedibus Tho Bertheleti, 1533.
Wageningen, Jacobus van. Album Terentianum picturas continetur ex imagine photypa Ludgunensi Terentii codd. Ambrosiani H 75 et Parisini 7899 sumptas et lithographice expressas. Groningae: P. Noordhoff, 1907.
Walker, Lucy. Eden Theater, Denver, Colorado. Director of Adelphoi and Phormio.
Watson, John Calvin. “The Relation of the Scene Headings to the Miniatures in the Manuscripts of Terence.” Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 14. 1903.
Webb, R.H. “An Attempt to Restore the γ Archetype of Terence Manuscripts.” Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 22 (1911), 55-110.
Weitzman, Kurt. Illustrations in Roll and Codex. Princeton Studies in Manuscript Illumination, IV. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1947.
Zwierlein, Otto. Der Terenzkommentar des Donat im Codex Chigianus H.VII.240. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1970.

SEMINAR: LATIN WITH LAUGHTER, TERENCE THROUGH TIME

Mondays, 3:00-6:00

9/9 Terence's Comedies
9/16 " " ; [Cicero, Augustine, Boethius]
9/23 The Monastic Context: Liturgical Drama, Resuscitatio Lazari
9/30 The Convent Context: Hrotswitha's Comedies; [Anna Bijns, Mary of Nijmeghen]
10/7 Textual Editing, Tadeusz Maslowski?
10/14 Dante, Commedia; Pietro Alighieri, Commentarium
10/21 [Boccaccio, Decameron;] Chaucer, General Prologue
10/28 Chaucer, Canterbury Tales
11/4 Wakefield Master, Plays; [ Castle of Perseverance, Piers Plowman]
11/11 Montaigne, Essais
11/18 Shakespeare, Winter's Tale, [Macbeth, Lear]
11/25 Moliere, Tartuffe
12/2 [Commedia dell'Arte; La Serva Padrona; Mozart]
12/9 Changing the Canon

Bracketed Works: Optional Critical works:

Bakhtin, Empson, to be read alongside assigned readings.

Seminar Paper due, 12/9, topic determined in consultation, to come from your main interest, with the possibility of publication. Class Meets: Norlin N424B
Office: Woodbury 308B
Office Hours: Tuesdays 2:30-3:30 and by appointment
Phones: 492-1838, 444-6411

Tentative Book Outline

I. Terence in the Republic. Athens, Rome, Carthage: Cities and Deserts
II. Terence in the Empire. Cicero, Augustine and Boethius
III. Terence in the Convent. Desert Fathers and Hrotswitha
IV. Terence in the Abbey. Liturgical Dramas, Bury St. Edmund's Cross, Roof Bosses
V. Terence on Pilgrimage I. Florence, Dante and Boccaccio
VI. Terence on Pilgrimage II. England, Chaucer and Langland
VII. Terence Afield. Wakefield Master and Castle of Perseverance
VIII. Terence in the King's Library. Christine de Pizan
IX. Terence in the Mayor's Study. Montaigne's Essais
X. Terence in the Globe. Shakespeare's Winter's Tale, Macbeth, Lear
XI. Terence in the Palace I. Moliere, Tartuffe
XII. Terence in the Palace II. Madame Dacier and Richard Bentley