AGRUSTIC SOMNACUNI || ROMANY || CRADLE || LET US PRAISE
THE ROM || CHUPPA || MEDIATHECA 'FIORETTA
MAZZEI' || 'ENGLISH'
CEMETERY || AUREO
ANELLO || Blog on 'From
Graves to Cradles', etc. Daniel-Claudiu
Dumitrescu/ Vandana Culea/ Julia Bolton Holloway
© 2012-2022
Newest: http://www.umilta.net/Xanadu.html
Proposal to the European Union
RING OF
GOLD

is a website dedicated to Romanian Roma families and
culture and language preservation who come to Florence. It is
hosted by the Associația 'Agrustic Somnacuni'
('Golden Ring' in the Romany language)
in Romania and its sister Aureo Anello
('Golden Ring' in Italian) Associazione in Florence
which supports the Mediatheca
'Fioretta Mazzei' and the Cimitero 'degli
Inglesi' ('English' Cemetery) in Florence.
It welcomes further essays,
contributions, particularly from Roma.
Florence's
Swiss-owned so-called 'English' Cemetery has Orthodox as well
as Protestant burials. Amongst its Russian tombs in Sector D are
the tombs of two Romanian nobles, Joan Kantakezin, descended
from the Emperor of Constantinople, and Paul Ventura, a child,
both of the slave-owning aristocracy. These tombs were
impossible to visit - until Daniel-Claudiu Dumitresch built
the terraced path by them. He also identified these tombs for
me as Romanian. At the beginning of that path is that of
Theodore Parker, the Unitarian who preached eloquently against
slavery. Frederick Douglass, the formerly illiterate ex-slave,
came from America and visited the tombs of Elizabeth Barrett
Browning (Sector
B) and Theodore Parker to honour them for their
work against slavery. Elizabeth Barrett Browning's other
heroine in Aurora Leigh, Marian Erle, is Roma.
Also buried in our Cemetery are Frances Trollope (Sector B), who wrote the
first anti-slavery novel, and Richard Hildreth (Sector D), who wrote the
second anti-slavery novel. Harriet Beecher Stowe copied both
of them to create her Uncle
Tom's Cabin. The Roma in Romania were the slaves of
the nobles and the monasteries from the Middle Ages until the
nineteenth century, when Uncle
Tom's Cabin was translated into Romanian.
Our archives document these burials. Our library collects
these books.

Van Gogh, Gypsy
Caravans. When Roma lived in these they did not get TB, in
crowed social housing they do.
As were Black slaves in America, the
Roma in Romania are kept in illiteracy. They may not legally
work unless they have a decent and registered house and the
diploma. Lacking work, they cannot afford the materials for
their roofs or the payment to the schools for heating and
books. They come to Florence, where again they may not work
from lacking a legal address, and beg in the streets annoying
tourists and citizens. They have no country, no army, no
power. They came from India a thousand years ago and speak an
Aryan language. Their flag is green for the earth, blue for
the sky with a red wagon wheel. They are no longer allowed
their traditional caravans. But I have found that they are
skilled and excellent craftspeople, both women and men, as
blacksmiths, stonemasons, carpenters and gardeners. They
restore the 'English' Cemetery, repairing and cleaning its
tombs under expert supervision, and planting and weeding its
garden. To teach literacy they are encouraged to explore the
books in the Mediatheca, like the intermediate technology
shown in the engravings of Diderot's Encylopedie, to marble paper and to
hand-bind books, and to use the computer. Daniel-Claudiu
Dumitrescu, who has the diploma, writes booklets in four
languages, Romań, Romanian, Italian and English, with his
drawings, on how to rebuild roofs, with drainage for storing
water and with solar panels for electricity, which are placed
on this website. Daniel has also conserved all the
nineteenth-century cast and wrought iron work in the Cemetery
and built the shelving for the Cemetery's Swiss archives, many
of the library's bookshelves, and many wooden rocking cradles,
one for his own new-born daughter, another for the Cemetery's
library, where it mirrors photographs on the walls of Roma
families, one of which shows such a rocking cradle with a
child asleep in it. I have said on Easter Day on Rai Uno
(Italian national television) that to bring Roma into a
library is to bring them into the world of the book, to give
them literacy. In this library we teach Roma how to sign their
names, so they may become members of our Aureo Anello
Associazione, and the alphabet. With that membership it is
legal for them to work for us. We have formed a sister
association in Romania of which Daniel is President which is
called Asociația 'Agrustic Somnacuni' (like 'Aureo Anello'
meaning 'Golden Ring') and whose mission is to preserve Roma
families and the Romań language with mutual help in roof
building with drainpipes and windows and with schooling for
adults as well as children.
These are the relevant essays on the Ring of Gold website:
In rumeno:
Romany.html, doctorvisit.html, Statut.html, panourisolare.html, roofs.html
In italiano: alfabetotalk.html, apprendistato.html, badiaalfabeto.html, Bianco
Silenzio. Capitolo Finale Come i Rom hanno restaurato iil
Cimitero degli Inglesi in Piazzale Donatello, Firenze, caritas.html, CaroObama.html, doctorvisit.html, panourisolare.html,
paolarom.html, PonteRosso.html, Romany.html, RomEU.htm,
romfir.html, rommichelucci.html, roofs.html,
scapegoatital.html, zita.html, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/it/pressroom/content/20110214IPR13638/html/Strategia-UE-per-l'inclusione-dei-Rom-ecco-le-priorità-dei-deputati
In English:
alphabet.html, apprentice.html,
ArabesqueUniversity.html,
White Silence.
Chapter Last How the Roma restored Florence's Monumental
English Cemetery, Brussels.html,
Brussels.ppt, charleskemp.html, childmother.html, chuppa.html, cradle.html,
Digest.html,
doctorvisit.html, education.html, goldring.html, GriffinPoster.html, gypsy.html, Haiti.html,
hedera.html, house.html,
karengraffeo.html, Lancet.html, literacy.html,
lords.html, newborn.html,
Osmannoro.html, panourisolare.html, prague.html, Romaboxes.html,
Romany.html, roofs.html,
scapegoat.html, SorosRoma.html, wilcock.html, zita.html
POLITICS
The
European Commission, Parliament and Council of Europe,
cognisant of the Holocaust's inclusion of the Roma and the
denial to them of reparation payments, are all intently
working on solutions to Roma poverty, but are blocked at
local government levels which discriminate against Roma.
In particular, in Italy and in England, Roma are barred from
having a legal roof over their heads, access to water or
electricity, and consequently from work. A prisoner-of-war in
international law has more rights than does a Roma who is a
European Citizen. In Italy and England, planning
permission is used against Roma from living on land they have
bought and own. In Romania, where land has been legally bought,
and a house built by themselves and legally registered, even
that will be taken from a Roma family. The poverty from lack of
power for Roma is expressed in poor housing, poor health, high
illiteracy, and blocks against employment, which results in high
infant mortality and a shockingly low life expectancy.
Caro Obama, ti scrivo italiano
Transnistria:
When we learned of the trauma that is still ongoing for these
families of their failure to bury the dead in the killing fields
of Transnistria, the grandmothers of both Diamanta and Ionel
having walked back home to Romania with most of their family
dead and unburied, no grave, coffin, cemetery, priest, candle,
bread, wine or feast, we invited a Romanian Orthodox priest to
celebrate these dead, naming all of them, in our cemetery.
Diamanta cooked the traditional meal, for Romanians believe the
dead are hungry and eat with us. We recited all the names below.
These dead members of their families had died of starvation in
WWII: Veta Curte, Constantin Durac, della
famiglia di Daniel-Claudiu Dumitresc;
Panta Danila, Margica Danila, Verda Danila, Caizer Mundeanu,
Lenuta Danila, Bicusa Danila, Tiberean Danila, Ivanciu Danila,
della famiglia di Diamanta Danila; Sofia Copalea, Sivirino
Copalea, Verige Copalea, Dod Copalea, Duga Copalea, Cosia
Copalea, Bisa Copalea, Cristi Copalea, Hortanza Copalea,
Pomelnic Copalea, Grafian Copalea, Grecu Copalea, Madita
Copalea, della famiglia di Ionel, Mihai, Gheorghe Copalea.. The
herding of Roma into rat-infested camps today outside of Roma,
Florence and elsewhere in Italy, then bulldozing them as
at Osmannoro,
is part of this pattern. See https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/02/why-concentration-camps-are-still-with-us
Politically
both sides become hostile to each other, we acquiescing in
the creation of these 'hostile environments'. While we are
jointly responsible for their evil, Lord Caradon, who
served in such crisis spots as Cyprus, Palestine, Jamaica,
Nigeria and the United Nations, nevertheless explained to
me that 'the evil of the oppressed is less evil than that
of the oppressor'.
WORK
SKILLS
Roma have excellet traditional skills with metal, stone,
wood, cloth and earth, being blacksmiths, stonemasons,
carpenters, seamstresses, embroiderers, gardeners and cooks.
Given sufficient funding for materials they can rebuild their
housing with windows against the prevailing tuberculosis, with
adequate roofing and guttering against water and snow damage,
with handcrank/solar loght, radio and cellphone rechargers, with
wells and latrines, to be self-sufficient.They learn these
skills from the earliest age working alongside their parents.
Daniel-Claudiu Dumitrescu, President of Asociația
'Agrustic Somnacuni-Inel de Aur', is the grandson of the
most famous coppersmith in his part of Romania and has
inherited his tools. He learned all these traditional skills
as a boy as well as having attended school and attaining the
technical diploma. He is now working with leading restorers
in Florence, restoring the famous anti-slavery 'English'
Cemetery, including the CNR project of restoring the Odoardo
Fantacchiotti sculpture of 'Hope', Speranza.
http://www.ringofgold.eu/iron.ppt
http://www.ringofgold.eu/marble.ppt
http://www.ringofgold.eu/copper.ppt
http://www.ringofgold.eu/gough.ppt
http://www.ringofgold.eu/porteus.ppt
How to Build Better Roofs with Drainpipes
for Water Storage
Panouri Solare/ Solar Panels Romań/Rumeno/italiano/English
This is the House that Daniel Built
English

EDUCATION
Roma often cannot afford to pay for schooling for their
children in Romania. But children learn from their parents
important skills useful for survival, how to work with metal,
stone, wood and earth. They work collaboratively in families
with great courtesy towards each other. Taking the children from
their parents at an early age to teach them Gadje (non-Roma)
'socialization' and in tellecuatl skills is not necessarily the
answer. In America 'socialization skills' translate into
unethical competitiveness, the Orwellian opposite of what the
word seems to imply. Instead there should be projects of
alphabetization of all ages, for women and men, which include
practical hands on information for better health, nutrition and
housing, so that children are not alienated from their parents
by education. Statistically it has been found that where schools
are held in Romani far better retention results. At
the same time attention paid to the health, nutrition and
housing of young children in families results in better academic
work. Ideally Roma can be encouraged to retain their traditional
manual skills while learning our intellectual ones, and even
teaching their excellent skills to our young people who are in
such great need of them. Our own education system has divorced
us from centuries of traditions of manual skills' learning and
teaching and has consequently caused children to despise their
parents to the point where they now cannot work manually and are
afraid for their survival in our current economic collapse. We
can learn much from the Roma; our children could learn to work
manually, gainfully and joyfully alongside
of Roma. That is how Roma work.
ALPHABETSCHOOL.ppt English
ALFABETOSCUOLA.ppt italiano
Alphabet English
Alfabeto italiano
AlfabetoBadia italiano
Alphabet Voice Recording of
Romanian Roma in Mediatheca Fioretta Mazzei's Alphabet School
reciting the alphabet
Alphabet School in Florence's English Cemetery and
Library for Roma Families
School in a
Bucharest cemetery, 1842, but not for Roma (who were then
slaves), or girls.
Nigel Dickinson, Roma women at Helsinki University
How to do stone lettering English
Literacy English
Education English
Daniel-Claudiu Dumitrescu, Vandana Culea Romany Vocabulary with
drawings by Daniel Dumitrescu. Romań, Romanian,
Italian and English Voice Recording of Romany Vocabulary by Daniel
Dumitrescu, Vandana Culea and JBH at Romany.mp3 Romań,
Romanian, Italian and EnglishArabesquing the University,
Antwerp, 2008 English/
In italianoWomen and the Lord's Prayer
English
A suggested model for literacy, but from Ethiopia: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7777560.stm
English
Haiti as paradigm English HEALTH
Among our
prejudices against the Roma is the belief are that they are
dirty. Instead they have strict rules from their Indian
origins about the need to wash in running water frequently,
about not washing the top part of the body with the same
soap that is used for the bottom part of the body (a good
recipe against cholera), about washing hands very thoroughly
(including the backs of hands, the wrists, etc.), about not
dressing in dirty clothes (if they are denied access to
water they will throw dirty garments away rather than
continue to wear them, to prevent diseases like typhus from
lice). Their most serious health problems come about from
the denial to them of water, of adequate housing with
windows (leading to tuberculosis), lack of employment
(meaning they cannot pay for medical care), lack of
education, particularly amongst women (resulting in being
unable to read medical information or to limit the size of
their families), intermarriage and environmental pollutiion
causing genetic defects, and alcohol and tobacco abuse,
typical amongst oppressed groups kept in poverty, Native
Americans, Irish, Blacks, Aborigine (leading to liver
diseases and cancers). A major reason for the reluctance to send
their children to Gadje schools is their exposure there to
drugs. But when it is explained to women that where they
become educated life expectancy increases and infant
mortality drops they are eager to learn.
Daniel-Claudiu Dumitrescu, Vandana Culea Doctor Visit Romań, Romanian,
Italian and English, with drawings by Daniel
Dumitrescu Charles Kemp, Baylor University Medical School
Doctors and the Roma
English
Lancet article on early childhood
health and education English
FAMILY
The greatest value to Roma is the family. They marry young,
are faithful, and care for their children. One can be in a Roma
camp filled with babies, and not one of them crying. Often,
Social Assistance desires to remove the babies from the parents
because of their poverty, or at least the father from the child
and mother, but better and less costly would be giving the
father a job so he can support his family. Roma,
lacking the right to work, are further handicapped in the modern
economy by the high cost of disposable diapers and the premature
births of their babies resulting in their being bottle instead
of breast fed, both expenses they cannot afford. Enormous sums
will be spent on funerals out of respect for the dead, a family
even selling their home for the culturally required rites. We
have much to learn from Roma about the care, nurturing and
education of babies and children.
Alleluia italiano
Hedera's Family The Rom in
Europe English
Florence and
Gypsies English
How to Raise
a Child English
Child/Mother English
CULTURE
Roma love beauty. Roma are deeply religious, whether they are
Orthodox, Catholic or Muslim. A Romanian Orthodox Roma nursing
mother will not drink milk on Friday nor will Roma touch iron on
that day. Their music combines joy and sorrow.
Karen Graffeo Now Let Us Praise the Rom
English
A Photographer from Prague English
Rose
Lloyds An English Rose
The Autobiography of an Orphan Roma, Written by Herself English
Elizabeth Barrett Browning
Aurora Leigh in
mp3 recordings. Go to http://www.florin.ms
for complete playlist. English
Frances Alexander The Madonna and the Gypsy
English, italiano
A barrel organ is played in Piazza Beccaria.
I have recorded
its hauntingly beautiful music in mp3. Use it as background to
these essays.
EXTERNAL LINKS:
§ 'Cara Europa' http://www.everyonegroup.com/it/EveryOne/MainPage/Entries/2008/5/26_Cara_Europa._Appello_di_Rebecca_Covaciu_contro_la_persecuzione_dei_Rom_in_Italia.html
§ http://nigeldickinson.com/gallery/finlandroma Look for this on the
WayBackMachine for 11/5/2011. Only in Finland can Roma be
wealthy, their women go to university
§ Patrin Web Journal: Romani Culture and History http://www.oocities.org/~patrin/
This fine website goes to 2000
only.
§ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romani_people
European Roma Rights Centre § http://www.errc.org/
Formerly, Baylor University § http://www3.baylor.edu/~Charles_Kemp/gypsy_health.htm
No longer at that web address instead available at http://www.ringofgold.eu/charleskemp.html
An excellent essay on medical aspects with essential insight
into Roma culture
§ http://www.rroma.org/
The Stories Exchange Project § http://www.stories-exchange.org
Funded by the World Bank, The Stories Exchange Project is an
experiment in generating global dialogue about the Romany
experience and tensions between the Roma and the white
majority worldwide. Visitors to the site are invited to
comment on articles and discussions and to share their own
stories. Available in English and Cesky, the site offers
summaries of workshop discussions, text excerpts from
dramatic performances, video clips of the film Stories
Exchange Project, as well as poignant passages from
interviews of project participants.
http://artists-for-roma-net.ning.com/?xg_source=msg_mes_network Artists for Roma Initiative
And this suggested by a young
Romanian Roma, but about Romanians: Go looking for all of
Gheorghe Zamfir on the Web.
Keep Exploring Google, both websites and
images
Please send Julia Holloway further links to include here
Elizabeth Barrett Browning's
other heroine in Aurora
Leigh, Marian Erle, is Roma, who travels from
England, to France, to Florence. For the book see Elizabeth
Barrett Browning, Aurora Leigh and Other Poems (ISBN
0-14-043412-7) from: http://www.penguinclassics.com
;

Its royalties helped purchase books and materials for
the the Biblioteca and Bottega Fioretta Mazzei and can help Rom
families' house-buying and repairing. For further items, texts
and textiles, see Florin
and Shop .
Frances Trollope. Jonathan
Jefferson Whitlaw. Preface, Julia Bolton Holloway.
Illustrations, Auguste Hervieu, F.R.A. 469 pp. ISBN
9798615560989.

Relevant Books in the
Mediatheca 'Fioretta Mazzei', Florence's 'English' Cemetery,
where we have taught Roma parents to write their names so
they will not lose their children

Roma Studies:

Shelved, GIMEL:
Alla perifera del mondo: Il popolo dei rom e dei sinti
escluso dalla storia. Ed. Isabella D'Isola, Mauro Sullam,
Guido Baldoni, Giulia Baldini, Gabriele Frassanito. Milano:
Fondazione Roberto Franceschi, 2003. With CD. Università di
Firenze, 2003.
Isabel Fonseca. Bury Me Standing: The Gypsies and their
Journey. New York: Random House, 1996. Father Matthew
Naumes, 2001.
Gianni Berengo Gardin. La disperata allegria: Vivere da
zingari a Firenze. Firenze: Centro Di, 1994. Paola Cecchi,
Firenze, 2003.
Jean-Pierre Liégeois. Gypsies: An Illustrated History.
Trans. Tony Berrett. London: Al Saqi Books, 1986. Jane and
Philip Weller, Hampshire, 2003.
Le strage nazifasciste a Firenze e Provincia: Trasmettere
la memoria. Catalogo della mostra fotografica 27 gennaio-10
febbraio 2002, Gallera Via Larga, Via Cavour, 7r, Firenze.
Firenze: Amministrazione Provinciale di Firenze, Istituto
Storico della Resistenza in Toscana, 2002. Michele Gesualdi,
Firenze, 2003.
Romano Lil 4 (2001). Roma
William M. Sloane. The Balkans: A Laboratory of History.
New York: Eaton and Mains, 1914. Syracuse University, Florence,
2005.
Antonio Tabucchi. Gli Zingari e il Rinascimento: Vivere
da Rom a Firenze. Firenze: Feltrinelli, 1999. JBH
Portfolio on Hedera, etc.
Brian Vesey-Fitzgerald. Gypsies of Britain: An
Introduction to their History. London: Chapman and Hall,
1946. Jane and Philip Weller, Hampshire, 2003.
Shelved, ALEPH:
Duncan Williamson. Fireside Tales of the Traveller
Children. Twelve Scottish Stories. Illustrated, Alan B.
Herriot. New York: Harmony Books, 1983. Arizona State
University/Mesa Public Library, Tempe, 2004.
Our
Mediatheca in Florence will always welcome further materials
concerning the Roma
And on the Victoria Discussion List the following
suggestions were made for leads for research:
The list of material about the Victorian Roma/Gypsies is
long, indeed, but it's a rich and fascinating topic. If
you want contemporary accounts, the second half of the century
saw the advent of the "Gypsyologists." You might start
with The Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society. It
started in 1888, I think.
You might also look at some of the individual C19 Gypsy
Scholars/Scholar Gypsies like George Borrow (The Zincali
[1841], Lavengro [1851], and The Romany Rye [1857]),
Richard Burton (The Jew, The Gypsy, and El Islam [1898]),
Francis Hindes Groome, Charles Godfrey Leland, et al.
For more recent examinations of the "Gypsy Problem" in the
century, see David Mayall, Gypsy-Travellers in
Nineteenth-Century Society (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1988)
and Gypsy Identities, 1500-2000: From Egipcyans and
Moon-men to the Ethnic Romany (London: Routledge, 2004);
George K. Behlmer, "The Gypsy Problem in Victorian England," Victorian
Studies 28 (1985): 231-53; Brian Vesey-Fitzgerald, Gypsies
of Britain: An Introduction to Their History
(London: Chapman & Hall, 1944); Thomas Acton, Gypsy
Politics and Social Change: The Development of Ethnic
Ideology and Pressure Politics among British Gypsies from
Victorian Reformism to Romany Nationalism (Boston:
Routledge & Paul, 1974).
The book-length studies are quite good and offer longer,
more nuanced considerations, but if you want a shorter and quite
informative introduction to the subject, the Behlmer article is
a fine place to start.
The past 10-15 years have also seen a handful of doctoral
dissertations on the subject, including those by Audrey Shields,
Michelle Mancini, Mary Burke, and myself.
I don't think it's out yet, but Deborah Nord's Gypsies
in the British Imagination, 1807-1930, is listed as
forthcoming this year from Columbia UP (I think), and based on
an excerpt I heard her read at NAVSA, it promises to be
intriguing.
Lance Wilder, Victoria List
And Gipsy Smith, His Life and Work (New York:
Fleming H. Revell, 1901). was also suggested. While the
discussion list went on to mention Elizabeth Barrett Browning's
Marian Erle in Aurora Leigh, Robert Browning's Pied
Piper, George Eliot and Matthew Arnold.

© Nigel Dickinson
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All donations made to Aureo Anello on behalf of Agrustic
Somnacuni will benefit these Roma families participating in
work/study in Florence. Please specify 'Agrustic
Somnacuni' in the description box. If you are buying a copy of
'Romany Vocabulary' send an e-mail to Julia Holloway,
giving her your snail-mail address and she will post it to you. Or
acquire a copy from Karen
Graffeo in the States. Thanks.
'The world of the poor teaches
us that liberation will arrive only when the
poor are not simply on the receiving end of handouts from
government or
from churches, but when they themselves are the master and
protagonists of their own struggle for liberation'
Oscar Romero
AGRUSTIC SOMNACUNI
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